One of Mauswheel's battle dialogue is "(Rolling around at the speed of mouse...)". This is a reference to "Rolling around at the speed of sound", the opening line of the song "Escape from the City" in Sonic Adventure 2.

When looking into one of the grocery baskets filled with fruit in Sans' grocery store, it states that it contains "(Grapes, melons, oranges, and the scent of fresh pineapples...)". This references the DK Rap from Donkey Kong 64, specifically the outro line "walnuts, peanuts, pineapples smells, grapes, melons, oranges, and coconut shells".

After Queen realizes that she didn't capture Ralsei out of all of the Lightners due to not having enough cages, the sound effect that plays with the Iris Out zooming in on her face is the same sound effect used on the Iris Out on Mario when completing a level in Super Mario World.

In Volume 5 of his Famitsu column "Toby's Secret Base", creator and director Toby Fox revealed that Ralsei's name came from a period in elementary school where he and his brothers constantly experimented with RPG Maker, having long had a shared interest in game development. Fox's oldest brother spent years working on a game called New Genesis, which featured a protagonist named Ralse; Fox simply appended an "i" to the name when incorporating it into Deltarune years later.

In the same column, Fox stated that the prolonged development of New Genesis discouraged him from making games for a long time. When he finally returned to the field in his teenage years, he sought to temper his expectations from the outset by making smaller-scale titles and preemptively planning out his approach to development to avoid biting off more than he could chew.

In 2012, Toby Fox posted several Yume Nikki fan songs to his Tumblr account. One of these, "waltz of seccom masada" (named after a fan nickname for the piano-playing NPC in the spaceship area), bears strong similarities to the Deltarune track "Man" (heard in the hidden rooms where Kris can obtain an egg from the Forgotten Man, an invisible NPC behind a tree), indicating that Fox repurposed and rearranged the song for his own project years later.

A second, 8-bit rendition of the song is present in the same Tumblr post. This version would appear unaltered in Mancountry, the hidden egg room in Chapter 3.

Although Chapter 1 was given a surprise release in 2018, with Toby Fox giving no prior public indications of its existence, Deltarune had been teased in secret since at least 2015. Three months after Undertale released, the fan site DeltaRune.com announced that it would be rebranding to Dreemurr.com at Fox's request; Fox didn't tell the owners of Dreemurr.com why he didn't want them to use the domain. However, after the fan site fulfilled his request, Fox used deltarune.com to host an image called him.png, a passage of Wingdings text only readable by turning up the brightness using image editing software.

While the text initially parroted the phrase "THIS NEXT (space) EXPERIMENT (space) SEEMS (space) VERY (space) VERY (space) INTERESTING" from the unused room_gaster event in Undertale, by July 1, 2016, the text was edited to read "THREE HEROES APPEARED (space) AT WORLD'S EDGE", later being edited again by August 17 to say "THREE HEROES APPEARED (space) TO BANISH THE ANGELS HEAVEN". Both revisions quote portions of the legend that Ralsei recounts in Chapter 1, indicating that these parts of the game's backstory were already conceived by this point.

Following the release of Chapter 1, deltarune.com would be refurbished as the official website for Deltarune itself. Consequently, earlier versions of the site only survive through snapshots on the Wayback Machine, a URL archiving platform hosted by the Internet Archive.

In an interview that Toby Fox conducted with the Chapter 2 development team, Taxiderby, one of the game's programmers, stated that the Spamton cherub that appears when pressing F1 during the Spamton and Spoiler:Spamton NEO fights was a spur-of-the-moment suggestion. According to them, Spamton's line "[Press F1 For] HELP" was already written, but it was originally a meaningless non-sequitur. After Fox suggested the idea of giving F1 an actual function in the fight, Taxiderby came up with the Final Fantasy-inspired Easter egg, putting it in singlehandedly after Fox gave his approval for the idea. In the same interview, they stated that they were surprised by its popularity, having made it purely as a throwaway gag.

In the Undertale sixth anniversary livestream, Toby Fox stated that the scene in Chapter 1 where Susie holds off from attacking Kris due to her respect for Toriel was inspired by a real encounter with a bully that he had. According to Fox, the bully knew his mother and stated that they would've beaten him up if she wasn't nice to them.

In Chapter 2, when Queen challenges Kris to an arcade match, the arcade cabinet presented is so large that Kris is unable to reach the controls. While the released game conveys this solely through narration, its internal data contains an unused animation depicting Kris reaching up towards the cabinet's joysticks. It is unknown why this was removed, given that it fulfills the same function as the textual description.

Within the data for Chapter 2 is a placeholder graphic for Queen's arcade cabinet that depicts it with green paneling and the word "Xbox" crudely written on the marquee. Despite the fact that it was never intended to be featured in the normal course of play, the sprite was altered in the version 1.06 update to remove the "XBOX" text, presumably to avoid potential trademark issues.

In Spoiler:the Weird Route version of Chapter 4, one pivotal scene depicts Spoiler:Kris, possessed by the SOUL, forcing Noelle to re-don the Thorn Ring from Chapter 2 by slowly creeping towards her as she backs away in fear across a couch. In the original release of the chapter, this gives way to an animation Spoiler:of a rose blooming and then crumbling against a black screen, located in the same place as Noelle's sprite. In the Version 1.01A update, this was replaced by Spoiler:a single red pixel, possibly as a placeholder graphic, which in turn was replaced in Version 1.01C with another animation depicting cracking red glass. The original animation is outright removed from the game's files in these later updates rather than being merely disabled.

The reason for this alteration was not explained in the official changelogs, which vaguely described the changes as a "Small graphical alteration to a certain scene" and "Strengthened imagery while maintaining a scene's intended meaning". The animation changes were likely made initially in response to complaints and discussion among players who misinterpreted the scene as Spoiler:Noelle being forcibly "deflowered" (taking her virginity, in this case through rape) literally, in addition to being driven insane, and then to counter-complaints Spoiler:lamenting the reduced impact when the single red pixel was implemented.

Both earlier revisions of this sequence are referenced if the player continues the Weird Route into Chapter 5. Spoiler:The chapter's opening cutscene on the route depicts the same red pixel as the Version 1.01A rendition, after which Noelle is heard echoing her line, "thank you," which follows the Thorn Ring sequence in Chapter 4. If the player aborts the route during the lake scene, Kris' title is changed to "Shattered Rose," with the accompanying description reading "Only one knows the rose's meaning." While not the only "rose" title in Chapter 5, the specific use of the descriptor "shattered" aligns with the crumbling animation from Chapter 4's initial release.

Within the data for Chapter 4 are unused sprites depicting Susie playing a handheld video game while hanging out with Noelle. Concept art for this was shown off in a tweet by Toby Fox in 2022, alongside artwork of two other character interactions. Notably, the Susie and Noelle scenario is the only one shown in the tweet that isn't featured in the final game.

In the original release of Chapter 4, Susie's response to Catty drinking a bowl of milk in Hometown's alleyway read "(That's MY free milk, you furry degenerate...)". In the Version 1.01B update, this line was slightly rewritten to instead have Susie call Catty a "furry freak." No explanation was given for this change in the official changelog, which does not mention it whatsoever.

Within the data for Chapter 3 are unused sprites depicting brown, black, and gray deer; the gray deer acts as a hurt sprite for the black one. The brown and black deer are early versions of Spoiler:the White Cloak and the movement-copying black monster found on the Sword Route respectively. The former NPC's internal filename, "deer", is a remnant of this initial idea. Of note is that the game uses a variable named "toriel" to toggle these characters' sprites between the deer and the designs seen in normal gameplay.

Many lines of battle dialogue associated with the Shinobeetle enemy reference the English rock band The Beatles:

• "The sound of reeds, helter and skelter." references the band's 1968 song "Helter Skelter".
• "Blackbirds, calling to the dead of night." is a modification of the opening lyric to the band's 1968 song "Blackbird".
• "Rice, where a wedding had been." alludes to the line "picks up the rice in a church where a wedding had been" from the band's 1966 song "Eleanor Rigby".
• "Love me... DO!!!!" quotes the title of the band's 1962 debut single.
• "Phew, it's just me? Time to think for yourself!" references the band's 1965 song "Think for Yourself".
• "Peace and love!" quotes a catchphrase associated with drummer Ringo Starr.
• "Could I get a little help from my friends?" references the band's 1967 song "With a Little Help from My Friends".
• "I'm happy just to dance with you!" quotes the title of a track from the band's 1964 album A Hard Day's Night.
• One of Ralsei's R-actions reads "Ralsei listens to a white album!", referencing a popular nickname for the band's 1968 self-titled LP, coined on account of its all-white cover.

During the fight against Orange and Green, Orange opens the pair's first turn by commanding Green to "rev up those fryers." This appears to reference a line from the 2000 SpongeBob SquarePants episode "Arrgh!", spoken by the recurring minor character Fred as he enters the Krusty Krab. At a later point in the fight, Orange compliments Green's cooking skills by stating that "these nuttrons will have you rustling in your jimmies." The corruption of "nutrients" as "nuttrons", coupled with the word "jimmies", references "Jimmy Neutron Happy Family Happy Hour", a surreal internet animation parodying the 2002 animated series The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius where the title character is mispronounced as "Jimmy Nuttron". Meanwhile, the phrase "rustling in your jimmies" itself is a reference to the memetic phrase "that really rustled my jimmies".

The allusions to two different cartoons produced and aired by the TV channel Nickelodeon likely alludes to the network's use of orange and green in its visual branding.

In console releases of Chapter 5, when Kris, Susie, and Ralsei ascend the beanstalks leading from the Gardens to the Cliffs, the surrounding border scrolls alongside the level. This includes both the large stalk in the platforming section and the second, smaller stalk during the RPG section.

In a retrospective article detailing the making of Chapters 3 & 4, developer Toby Fox stated that the sequence where Spoiler:the SOUL travels alone throughout the Holiday Mansion went through several disparate revisions during development to "make you feel like it wasn't wasted." Fox stated that he initially conceived "a Rube Goldberg machine, involving many crazy parts" which the player would need to utilize in order to manipulate character actions. Subsequently, this was replaced with a sequence where the player utilizes a model train set spanning the whole of the house. When this didn't work, he conferred with personal friend and Homestuck author Andrew Hussie, who suggested a puzzle requiring the player to complete a bust parodying Macaulay Culkin's pose on the theatrical poster for the 1990 Christmas comedy film Home Alone.

Ultimately, Fox opted for the final game's approach, in which Spoiler:the SOUL simply navigates the mansion vents to spy on various characters, after realizing that "just focusing on the story and atmosphere is the best." Despite this, remnants of the early ideas remain in the released version of Chapter 4. The tail end of the sequence includes Spoiler:a scene in which the SOUL has to manipulate Noelle and Susie into capturing it and moving it into the living room and a scene requiring the SOUL to manipulate objects in Dess's closet while distracting Kris. Additionally, Chapter 4's data includes sprites and a functional test room for the toy train, while various sprites associated with the final sequence feature the phrase "homealone" in their filenames.

Within the data for Chapter 5 is an unused cutscene depicting Kris and Noelle riding the Ferris wheel at the festival after aborting the Weird Route in Chapter 4. Noelle recounts Kris' assurances that Chapter 2's events on the route were a dream before expressing how "amazing" it would've been if the power she demonstrated was actually real. When Noelle attempts to interrogate a reluctant Kris as to how they knew about the dream she had, she gets interrupted by Susie throwing dirt at the carriage window, which brings Noelle back to her senses. This cutscene is fully functional, but cannot be accessed without modding the game due to its associated requirements being impossible to meet in normal gameplay.

Within the data for Chapter 5 is an unused mechanic for the Flowery fight where, upon selecting a "Flower" option in the battle menu, the player would use the Orange SOUL to ram into one of five different ACTs in phases 2, 3, and 4, with the correct ACT corresponding to that phase's group ACT in the final game. Additionally, failing a given phase's puzzle would increase the mercy gained by using SpinZ during phase 2 (Seth & Aqua) and PraiseZ during phase 3 (Green & Orange). The code for the fight also includes an unused mechanic where Spin/SpinZ and Praise/PraiseZ are boosted to 80% Mercy. The Spin/SpinZ buff would activate if the player defeated Seth & Aqua violently at the cliffs, while the Praise/PraiseZ buff would activate if the player defeated the chapter's secret boss. The latter would also activate an Easter egg where Spoiler:Pink shows up during the ACT and flashes a peace sign while laughing.