After completing the light puzzles, Berdly will accuse Susie of cheating, akin to when she "wavedash[es]". This is a nod to the exploit that originated in Super Smash Bros. Melee. It's fitting that Berdly says this, as his Dark World design resembles a mix of Fox McCloud and Falco Lombardi from the Star Fox series, who are two of the most popular characters used in the competitive scene for Super Smash Bros. Melee.

When speaking to Toriel at the end of Chapter 1, she'll mention how Asriel loved playing as the "green, egg laying lizard" from the game "Super Smashing Fighters," a reference to Yoshi in Super Smash Bros.

Toriel will also mention a related incident in which Asgore painted green spots on eggs as part of a birthday party for Asriel themed around the lizard (referencing Yoshi's eggs). The following morning, Asgore cooked the eggs for breakfast, which upset Asriel enough that it caused him to hate the book about "eating green eggs". This is a nod to the Dr. Seuss book "Green Eggs & Ham".

When speaking to Father Alvin about Asriel near the end of Chapter 2, he will mention about how Asriel used to beg for forgiveness for "dropping the lizard in the pit to jump high" in a video game. This is a nod to an exploit often used in Mario games, starting with Super Mario World, in which the player can jump off of Yoshi into a bottomless pit in order to land safely on a platform that they missed.

One of Mauswheel's battle dialogue is "(Rolling around at the speed of mouse...)". This is a reference to "Rolling around at the speed of sound", the opening line of the song "Escape from the City" in Sonic Adventure 2.

When looking into one of the grocery baskets filled with fruit in Sans' grocery store, it states that it contains "(Grapes, melons, oranges, and the scent of fresh pineapples...)". This references the DK Rap from Donkey Kong 64, specifically the outro line "walnuts, peanuts, pineapples smells, grapes, melons, oranges, and coconut shells".

After Queen realizes that she didn't capture Ralsei out of all of the Lightners due to not having enough cages, the sound effect that plays with the Iris Out zooming in on her face is the same sound effect used on the Iris Out on Mario when completing a level in Super Mario World.

In Volume 5 of his Famitsu column "Toby's Secret Base", creator and director Toby Fox revealed that Ralsei's name came from a period in elementary school where he and his brothers constantly experimented with RPG Maker, having long had a shared interest in game development. Fox's oldest brother spent years working on a game called New Genesis, which featured a protagonist named Ralse; Fox simply appended an "i" to the name when incorporating it into Deltarune years later.

In the same column, Fox stated that the prolonged development of New Genesis discouraged him from making games for a long time. When he finally returned to the field in his teenage years, he sought to temper his expectations from the outset by making smaller-scale titles and preemptively planning out his approach to development to avoid biting off more than he could chew.

In 2012, Toby Fox posted several Yume Nikki fan songs to his Tumblr account. One of these, "waltz of seccom masada" (named after a fan nickname for the piano-playing NPC in the spaceship area), bears strong similarities to the Deltarune track "Man" (heard in the hidden rooms where Kris can obtain an egg from the Forgotten Man, an invisible NPC behind a tree), indicating that Fox repurposed and rearranged the song for his own project years later.

A second, 8-bit rendition of the song is present in the same Tumblr post. This version would appear unaltered in Mancountry, the hidden egg room in Chapter 3.

Although Chapter 1 was given a surprise release in 2018, with Toby Fox giving no prior public indications of its existence, Deltarune had been teased in secret since at least 2015. Three months after Undertale released, the fan site DeltaRune.com announced that it would be rebranding to Dreemurr.com at Fox's request; Fox didn't tell the owners of Dreemurr.com why he didn't want them to use the domain. However, after the fan site fulfilled his request, Fox used deltarune.com to host an image called him.png, a passage of Wingdings text only readable by turning up the brightness using image editing software.

While the text initially parroted the phrase "THIS NEXT (space) EXPERIMENT (space) SEEMS (space) VERY (space) VERY (space) INTERESTING" from the unused room_gaster event in Undertale, by July 1, 2016, the text was edited to read "THREE HEROES APPEARED (space) AT WORLD'S EDGE", later being edited again by August 17 to say "THREE HEROES APPEARED (space) TO BANISH THE ANGELS HEAVEN". Both revisions quote portions of the legend that Ralsei recounts in Chapter 1, indicating that these parts of the game's backstory were already conceived by this point.

Following the release of Chapter 1, deltarune.com would be refurbished as the official website for Deltarune itself. Consequently, earlier versions of the site only survive through snapshots on the Wayback Machine, a URL archiving platform hosted by the Internet Archive.

In an interview that Toby Fox conducted with the Chapter 2 development team, Taxiderby, one of the game's programmers, stated that the Spamton cherub that appears when pressing F1 during the Spamton and Spoiler:Spamton NEO fights was a spur-of-the-moment suggestion. According to them, Spamton's line "[Press F1 For] HELP" was already written, but it was originally a meaningless non-sequitur. After Fox suggested the idea of giving F1 an actual function in the fight, Taxiderby came up with the Final Fantasy-inspired Easter egg, putting it in singlehandedly after Fox gave his approval for the idea. In the same interview, they stated that they were surprised by its popularity, having made it purely as a throwaway gag.

In the Undertale sixth anniversary livestream, Toby Fox stated that the scene in Chapter 1 where Susie holds off from attacking Kris due to her respect for Toriel was inspired by a real encounter with a bully that he had. According to Fox, the bully knew his mother and stated that they would've beaten him up if she wasn't nice to them.

In Chapter 2, when Queen challenges Kris to an arcade match, the arcade cabinet presented is so large that Kris is unable to reach the controls. While the released game conveys this solely through narration, its internal data contains an unused animation depicting Kris reaching up towards the cabinet's joysticks. It is unknown why this was removed, given that it fulfills the same function as the textual description.

Within the data for Chapter 2 is a placeholder graphic for Queen's arcade cabinet that depicts it with green paneling and the word "Xbox" crudely written on the marquee. Despite the fact that it was never intended to be featured in the normal course of play, the sprite was altered in the version 1.06 update to remove the "XBOX" text, presumably to avoid potential trademark issues.

In Spoiler:the Weird Route version of Chapter 4, one pivotal scene depicts Spoiler:Kris, possessed by the SOUL, forcing Noelle to re-don the Thorn Ring from Chapter 2 by slowly creeping towards her as she backs away in fear across a couch. In the original release of the chapter, this gives way to an animation Spoiler:of a rose blooming and then crumbling against a black screen, located in the same place as Noelle's sprite. In the Version 1.01A update, this was replaced by Spoiler:a single red pixel, possibly as a placeholder graphic, which in turn was replaced in Version 1.01C with another animation depicting cracking red glass. The original animation is outright removed from the game's files in these later updates rather than being merely disabled.

The reason for this alteration was not explained in the official changelogs, which vaguely described the changes as a "Small graphical alteration to a certain scene" and "Strengthened imagery while maintaining a scene's intended meaning". The animation changes were likely made initially in response to complaints and discussion among players who misinterpreted the scene as Spoiler:Noelle being forcibly "deflowered" (taking her virginity, in this case through rape) literally, in addition to being driven insane, and then to counter-complaints Spoiler:lamenting the reduced impact when the single red pixel was implemented.

Both earlier revisions of this sequence are referenced if the player continues the Weird Route into Chapter 5. Spoiler:The chapter's opening cutscene on the route depicts the same red pixel as the Version 1.01A rendition, after which Noelle is heard echoing her line, "thank you," which follows the Thorn Ring sequence in Chapter 4. If the player aborts the route during the lake scene, Kris' title is changed to "Shattered Rose," with the accompanying description reading "Only one knows the rose's meaning." While not the only "rose" title in Chapter 5, the specific use of the descriptor "shattered" aligns with the crumbling animation from Chapter 4's initial release.

Within the data for Chapter 4 are unused sprites depicting Susie playing a handheld video game while hanging out with Noelle. Concept art for this was shown off in a tweet by Toby Fox in 2022, alongside artwork of two other character interactions. Notably, the Susie and Noelle scenario is the only one shown in the tweet that isn't featured in the final game.

During the fight against Orange and Green, Orange opens the pair's first turn by commanding Green to "rev up those fryers." This appears to reference a line from the 2000 SpongeBob SquarePants episode "Arrgh!", spoken by the recurring minor character Fred as he enters the Krusty Krab. At a later point in the fight, Orange compliments Green's cooking skills by stating that "these nuttrons will have you rustling in your jimmies." The corruption of "nutrients" as "nuttrons", coupled with the word "jimmies", references "Jimmy Neutron Happy Family Happy Hour", a surreal internet animation parodying the 2002 animated series The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius where the title character is mispronounced as "Jimmy Nuttron". Meanwhile, the phrase "rustling in your jimmies" itself is a reference to the memetic phrase "that really rustled my jimmies".

The allusions to two different cartoons produced and aired by the TV channel Nickelodeon likely alludes to the network's use of orange and green in its visual branding.

Within the data for Chapter 3 are unused sprites depicting brown, black, and gray deer; the gray deer acts as a hurt sprite for the black one. The brown and black deer are early versions of Spoiler:the White Cloak and the movement-copying black monster found on the Sword Route respectively. The former NPC's internal filename, "deer", is a remnant of this initial idea. Of note is that the game uses a variable named "toriel" to toggle these characters' sprites between the deer and the designs seen in normal gameplay.

In console releases of Chapter 5, when Kris, Susie, and Ralsei ascend the beanstalks leading from the Gardens to the Cliffs, the surrounding border scrolls alongside the level. This includes both the large stalk in the platforming section and the second, smaller stalk during the RPG section.

In Chapter 5, if the player loses to the first Floradinn encounter, Kris, Susie, and Ralsei will wake up in three literal flower beds in a unique room in the Garden. Subsequently, Flowery will appear and reveal that he rescued the party after finding them "unconscious, washed up on the beach," expressing concern for their safety and discouraging them from continuing their adventure. Exiting this room places the party in the area where the first RedRibbon is obtained.

Many lines of battle dialogue associated with the Shinobeetle enemy reference the English rock band The Beatles:

• "The sound of reeds, helter and skelter." references the band's 1968 song "Helter Skelter".
• "Blackbirds, calling to the dead of night." is a modification of the opening lyric to the band's 1968 song "Blackbird".
• "Rice, where a wedding had been." alludes to the line "picks up the rice in a church where a wedding had been" from the band's 1966 song "Eleanor Rigby".
• "Love me... DO!!!!" quotes the title of the band's 1962 debut single.
• "Phew, it's just me? Time to think for yourself!" references the band's 1965 song "Think for Yourself".
• "Peace and love!" quotes a catchphrase associated with drummer Ringo Starr.
• "Could I get a little help from my friends?" references the band's 1967 song "With a Little Help from My Friends".
• "I'm happy just to dance with you!" quotes the title of a track from the band's 1964 album A Hard Day's Night.
• One of Ralsei's R-actions reads "Ralsei listens to a white album!", referencing a popular nickname for the band's 1968 self-titled LP, coined on account of its all-white cover.