The Dusty Dune Galaxy has a similar name to the Dusty Dunes Desert from EarthBound. However, this is most likely a coincidence.

In the final chapter of Rosalina's storybook, in the French version on one of the pages, the line is different than compared to the version shown in the game in other regions. When translated, the line reads:

"I would like, once every hundred years, to return back to my blue planet, and doze on the knees of my father, stroking the mustache that was his pride."

In both games, if you happen to have 9999 Starbits on-hand, all coconuts will turn into watermelons.

In the level Good Egg Galaxy, there's a sign post hidden behind the door that Mario can "Read", made to act as a message on the door. This was done by the developers as a shortcut so instead of having to program a readable door.

Due to an unusual mistake, people who preordered the game from GameStop received an automated phone call from them claiming it was a Mature rated game.

The messages that appear when you lose a life in Super Mario Sunshine and Super Mario Galaxy differ between regional releases of the games. In the Japanese versions of both Sunshine and Galaxy, when you lose a life the text says "Miss!", but this was changed in the international versions of the games to say "Too bad!". The only difference is the Korean version of Galaxy, where the text was reverted back to "Miss!"

A large castle area called "Starmans Fort" is still present in the games files, but was never finished and went unused in the final game for unknown reasons.

There are unused animations of Mario performing punches and playing Tennis.

The Toy Time Galaxy theme in Super Mario Galaxy and the Supermassive Galaxy theme in Super Mario Galaxy 2 may both be based on "Mario Syndrome", an alternative dance remix of the Super Mario Bros. overworld theme by Japanese act Bonus 21 that was released as a 12" and cassette single in 1986. Both themes feature similar instrumentation and compositional choices as "Mario Syndrome", though foregoes the 1986 song's dance elements.

In the Super Mario 3D All-Stars port of Super Mario Galaxy, the game's cutscenes were re-rendered into HD. However, an error slipped through where Princess Peach can now be seen T-posing during the game's opening sequence just after Bowser's airships drop their anchors into Peach's Castle.

In the 2025 Nintendo Switch version of Super Mario Galaxy, at the start of the mission "Tarantox's Tangled Web", Captain Toad's line from the original game was changed from mentioning only a single Toad to multiple Toads, since none of the Toad Brigade went alone to go looking for the Power Star in the said mission.

In the original Wii release of Super Mario Galaxy, the leader of the penguin racers in the Sea Slide Galaxy mission "Faster Than a Speeding Penguin" is referred to as the coach. In the 2025 Nintendo Switch version of the game however, the said penguin is instead referred to as the captain, likely to avoid confusion with another, larger penguin in the game also called the coach.