When asked by GamesBeat what the word "Eternal" meant in this game, creative director Hugo Martin described the word "Eternal" as an "eternal struggle for the good and evil. It's meant to symbolize that there's always going to be demons and there's always going to be a slayer."

The death animation for dying in lava shows the Slayer giving a thumbs up before fully sinking into the lava. This is a reference to the ending of the 1991 film "Terminator 2: Judgement Day". This animation appears in Doom (2016) and Doom Eternal.

On the bookshelf located in the Fortress of Doom, there is a book titled "How to Comb your Mustache" by Cliffton M. Fischbach, the father of YouTuber Markiplier, who passed away due to lung cancer. The developers included his name as an Easter egg in the game because Mark Fischbasch stated that his father got him into the very first game in the series.

In the initial release of "The Ancient Gods - Part One" DLC on October 20, 2020, pressing the dedicated Chainsaw button four times while on the Runes tab of the Dossier would bring up an altered logo for the game reading "Doog Eternal". This is a reference to Inugami Korone, a Japanese virtual YouTuber who livestreamed Doom 64 and Doom (2016) in the past. She was nicknamed by her fan community as "Doog Slayer" (a play on the fact that her 3D model is a humanoid dog) and enjoyed using the Chainsaw weapon. Three days later, the Easter egg was removed from the game in the Version 3.1 update. The patch notes acknowledged the discovery, but the reason why it was removed remains unknown:

In Cultist Base, the third level of the game, you can find three Dopefish from the Commander Keen series. The first is hanging from a rope, the second is stuck in a cracked ice wall, and the third is on a hidden cave, placed on an altar in a little shrine.